Corrections_Today_Winter_2024-2025_Vol.86_No.4

PROGRAMMING

when programming may be difficult to maintain be cause of the jail’s transient nature. However, short term results are possible, as seen with this study. In just four weeks, significant outcomes were achieved. This data is not without its limitations and while data collection is still ongoing, this is a small sample size, subject to bias. Without random sampling, there is also the issue of section bias and overall generalizability. Since fostering programs are not as well researched as carceral dog train ing programs, future researchers may want to examine this area more extensively. Since there is a rise in mental health issues among populations who are incarcerated, innovative programming, that does not necessarily re quire licensed mental health professionals, is vital to the psychological well-being of residents, a component inte gral to rehabilitative and reintegrative success. DFPs are benign, cost-effective, and widely popular interventions that provide a vital service to the community and can be easily implemented in correctional settings, when strong relationships with community-based organizations are well established. CT END NOTES 1 Collica-Cox, K., & Furst, G. (2018). Implementing and Studying Successful Jail-Based Programming for Women: A Case Study of Parenting, Prison & Pups — Waiting to ‘Let the Dogs In’ Journal of Prison Education and Reentry, 5 (2), 101-119 . https://dx.doi.org/10.25771/69dq-j070 2 Zeng, Z. (2018). Jail inmates in 2016 (NCJ 251210). Bureau of Justice Statistics. https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ji16.pdf 3 Collica-Cox, K., & Furst, G. (2019). Parenting From a County Jail: Parenting From Beyond the Bars. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 40 (7), 593-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/01612840.2019.1565877 4 Martin, M. D. (2007). Jail standards and inspection programs: Resource & Implementation Guide. Washington DC: DOJ/NIC. 5 Bronson, J., & Berzofsky, M. (2017, June). Indicators of mental health problems reported by prisoners and jail inmates, 2011-2012 (NCJ 250612). Bureau of Justice Statistics. https://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ imhprpji1112.pdf 6 Collica-Cox, K., Day, G. J., Maruszewski, C., & Bennett, A. (2023). Coping With Depression, Anxiety & Stress: The Healing Effects of a Jail-Based Trauma Sensitive Yoga Program. Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 45 (2), 152-163, DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2284770 7 Leonardi, R. J., Vick, S-J., Buchanan-Smith, H. M. (2024). Participation in a Prison-Based Training Programme Is Beneficial for Rescue Dogs. Animals, 14 (1530), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14111530 8 Kunz-Lomelin, A., & Nordberg, A. (2020). Assessing the impact of an ani mal-assisted intervention for jail inmates. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation , 59 (2), 65–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/10509674.2019.1697786

9 Fournier, A. K., Geller, E. S., & Fortney, E. V. (2007). Human-animal interaction in a prison setting: Impact on criminal behaviour, treatment progress and social skills. Behaviour and Social Issues , 16 , 89–105. https://doi. org/10.5210/bsi.v16i1.385 10 Harkrader, T., Burke, T. W., & Owen, S. S. (2004). Pound puppies: The rehabilitative uses of dogs in correctional facilities. Corrections Today, 66 (2), 74-79. 11 Smith, H. P., & Smith, H. (2019). A qualitative assessment of a dog program for youth offenders in an adult prison. Public Health Nursing , 36 , 507–513. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.12622 12 Strimple, E. O. (2003). A history of prison-inmate animal interaction programs. AMERICAN Behavioral Scientist , 43 (1), 70–78. https://doi. org/10.1177/0002764203255212 13 Collica-Cox, K., & Day, G. (2022). When Dogs Make the Difference: Jail-Based Parenting With & Without Animal-Assisted Therapy. Criminal Justice Policy Review, 33 (6), 608-638 . https://doi. org/10.1177/08874034211063455 14 Furst, G. (2006). Prison-based animal programs: A national survey. The Prison Journal , 86 (4), 407–430. https://doi.org/10.1177/0032885506293242 15 Sizemore, H. (2019). Zeroing in on no-kill nationwide by 2025. Best Friends Animal Society. https://bestfriends.org/blogs/zeroing-no-kill nationwide-2025 16 Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS--21, DASS--42) [Database record]. APA PsycTests . https://doi. org/10.1037/t01004-000 17 Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 18 Schwarzer, R., & Jerusalem, M. (1995). General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) [Database record]. APA PsycTests . https://doi.org/10.1037/ t00393-000 19 Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72 , 271–324. doi:10.1111/j.0022 3506.2004.00263.x 20 Lyubomirsky, S., & Lepper, H. S. (1999). A measure of subjective happiness: Preliminary reliability and construct validation. Social Indicators Research, 46 (2), 137–155. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006824100041 21 Caruso, D. R., & Mayer, J. D. (1998). The multidimensional Emotional Empathy Scale (MDEES). UNH Personality Lab. 21 . https://scholars.unh. edu/personality_lab/21

Kimberly Collica-Cox, Ph.D. is a professor in the Criminal Justice Department with Pace University in NY and the Director of Dyson College’s Jail-Based services. She also serves as an ACA and PREA auditor.

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