Corrections_Today_Summer_2025_Vol.87_No.2

Corrections Summer 2025 | Vol. 87, No. 2 THE AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE Advance. Connect. Achieve. Today

Lifeline Behind Bars | Yesterday & Tomorrow |

The Twinning Project | Thinking Differently

ACA CONFERENCE OVERVIEW

p. 56

Corrections Professionals: What’s Your Story?

Your voice is an essential part of the

Join the journey of Corrections Today , the flagship publication of the American Correctional Association, proudly serving Corrections Professionals worldwide. Explore the many ways to share your insights, experiences, and expertise in future issues. We can’t wait to feature your contributions and celebrate the incredible work you do!

• Share your National Correctional Officer and Employee Week celebrations. • Contribute a compelling feature article. • Provide insightful critiques for our Bookshelf section. • Express your perspectives and experiences in “View from the Line.” • “Speak Out” on matters close to your heart. • Extend an update on your ACA Committee. • Seek guidance from Dr. Dean Aufderheide by posing a Behavioral Health inquiry. • Promote your upcoming events through the Corrections Calendar. • Engage in our social media platforms.

Questions? Contact Kirk Raymond by calling 703-224-0193 or by email at submissions@aca.org

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ACA ACCREDITATION A Commitment to Excellence in Corrections — Share Your Journey! Correctional accreditation is more than a certification — it’s a commitment to safety, accountability and continuous improvement. Has your facility gone through the accreditation process? We want to hear your story! Share your experiences, challenges, and successes to inspire others on the path to excellence. Submit your story today! For any questions or further information, please contact David Haasenritter, Director of Standards & Accreditation, at (703) 224-0070.

Submission Guidelines: – ARTICLES: Should be between 400-800 words. Please include a brief bio and a photo of the author(s) and any relevant affiliations. – PHOTOS: Submit high-resolution images (300 dpi or higher) with appropriate captions and credits. Include a brief description of the photo’s context and significance. – FORMAT: All submissions should be in MSWord format for articles, and JPEG format for photos (as individual attachments, not pasted into MSWord).

Submit your ACCREDITATION articles and photos at any time to submissions@aca.org with the subject line “Accreditation Stories”

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Photos courtesy Lovestruck Images; Background: Adobe Stock

Corrections Today Summer 2025 | Vol. 87, No. 2 THE AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Features

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Thinking differently Providing healthcare into housing units to improve access to care and decrease safety risks By Shawn Valenta, Ellen Debenham, Amanda Brockman, Michael D’Antico and Maxim Casas

32 38

The Twinning Project By Bob Goble

From the archives: Yesterday and tomorrow Technology in 1900 and 2000 By John W. Roberts

You Could Be Our Next Cover Star — Submit Your Best Photo Today!

20 A lifeline behind bars

Submit your photos for consideration in Corrections Today magazine to Publications@aca.org, ATTN: CT Photos. Photo must be large, high quality (300 dpi) and JPEG format.

How Virginia prisons are saving lives through substance use disorder treatment By Allen Stewart M.A., M.S.W.

2025 Winter Conference in Orlando Recap p. 56

On the Cover: Featured on the cover, from left to right: Lee Robbins, Founder and CEO of Life Empowerment Enterprises, Inc. and workshop presenter; Olympic Gold Medalists and General Session speakers Tara Davis-Woodhall and Hunter Woodhall; and Judge Lasheyl Stroud, esteemed speaker at the Women of Distinction Summit. Photos courtesy Lovestruck Images.

Corrections Summer 2025 | Vol. 87, No. 2 THE AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION MAGAZINE Advance. Connect. Achieve. Today

Lifeline Behind Bars | Yesterday & Tomorrow |

The Twinning Project | Thinking Differently

ACA CONFERENCE OVERVIEW

p. 56

Summer 2025 | Corrections Today

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

News&Views

7

From Rob’s Desk

EDITORIAL STAFF EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Robert L. Green, robg@aca.org MANAGING EDITOR Kirk Raymond, kraymond@aca.org GRAPHICS AND PRODUCTION STAFF GRAPHIC DESIGNER Carla DeCarlo, carlad@aca.org ADVERTISING AND MARKETING STAFF DIRECTOR, CONVENTIONS, ADVERTISING AND CORPORATE RELATIONS Kelli McAfee, kellim@aca.org DIRECTOR, SALES & MARKETING Da’Shawn Burnette, dashawnb@aca.org

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In Memoriam

10 14 18

Correctional Chaplain Perspectives

View From the Line

Washington Watch/BBM

ACA Departments

PRODUCTION COORDINATOR Mary Misisco, marym@aca.org COMMUNICATIONS SPECIALIST Sarah Castillo, sarahc@aca.org MULTIMEDIA DESIGNER Kierra Khan, kierrak@aca.org

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ACA Benchmarks/New Members

Committees

Communications & Publications

ACA EXECUTIVE OFFICE AND DIRECTORS EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

Conventions, Advertising & Corporate Relations Executive Office/Past President’s Corner

Robert L. Green, robg@aca.org DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Jeffrey Washington, jeffw@aca.org CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

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Ben Nalette, CPA, benn@aca.org SENIOR EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT India Vargas, indiav@aca.org COMMUNICATIONS AND PUBLICATIONS DIRECTOR Kirk Raymond, kraymond@aca.org CONVENTIONS, ADVERTISING AND CORPORATE RELATIONS DIRECTOR Kelli McAfee, kellim@aca.org INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ACTING DIRECTOR Ben Nalette, CPA, benn@aca.org INTERNATIONAL INITIATIVES Jeffrey Washington, jeffw@aca.org OFFICE OF CORRECTIONAL HEALTH DIRECTORS Terri L. Catlett — Director, terric@aca.org Dr. Dean Aufderheide — Director of Mental Health, daufderheide@aca.org PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT, MEMBERSHIP AND ENGAGEMENT DIRECTOR Dr. Valorie L. Sanders, LBBP, valories@aca.org SALES & MARKETING DIRECTOR Da’Shawn Burnette, dashawnb@aca.org STANDARDS AND ACCREDITATION DIRECTOR David Haasenritter, davidh@aca.org Statements contained in Corrections Today are the personal views of the authors and do not constitute ACA policy unless so indicated. ACA does not assume responsibility for the content of Corrections Today as submitted by contributors, reserves the right to edit all articles and, if necessary, condense them. The publication of any advertisement by ACA is neither an endorsement of the advertiser nor of the products or services advertised. ACA is not responsible for any claims made in advertisements. Printed in U.S.A. by Mt. Royal Printing, Baltimore, MD Vol. 87, No. 2. Copyright 2025 by the American Correctional Association

102 106

Office of Correctional Health

Professional Development, Membership & Engagement

110 112 114 116

Sales & Marketing

Standards & Accreditation

Corrections Calendar

Advertiser/Product Index

Summer 2025 | Corrections Today

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INQUIRIES AND INFORMATION

ARTICLE AND PHOTO SUBMISSIONS: Managing Editor, 206 N. Washington St., Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314; email submissions@aca.org. Articles must be in Microsoft Word. Please include all contact information. Unless expressly requested in writing, all photos and artwork submitted become the property of ACA and may be used in future ACA publications. Articles and photos will not be returned unless expressly requested by author. ADVERTISING INQUIRIES: Please direct all inquiries to DaShawn Burnette, Director of Sales & Marketing, at 703-224-0030 (Direct) or dashawnb@aca.org. MISSION STATEMENT: The American Correctional Association provides a professional organization for all individuals and groups, both public and private, that share a common goal of improving the justice system. Corrections Today (ISSN 0190-2563, USPS 019-640) is published four times a year in Summer (June/July/August), Fall (September/October/November), Winter (December/ January/February) and Spring (March/April/May) by the American Correctional Association, 206 N. Washington St., Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314; 703-224-0000. Vol. 87, No. 2. Copyright 2025 by the American Correctional Association POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Corrections Today , American Correctional Association, 206 N. Washington St., Suite 200, Alexandria, VA 22314. Periodicals rate postage is paid at Alexandria, VA 22314 and additional mailing offices. SUBSCRIPTION CHANGES: Subscriptions are included in annual membership dues. Nonmember subscription rates are $25 per year. You can join ACA or renew your subscription online at www. aca.org. Changes to your contact information and address can be updated through the membership portal at www.aca.org, via email at memberships@aca.org or by calling the Member Support Center at 703-224-0115 (Monday–Friday, 8:30 a.m.– 5 p.m., EST).

AMERICAN CORRECTIONAL ASSOCIATION OFFICERS

PRESIDENT Ricky D. Dixon Florida IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENT Denise M. Robinson Ohio VICE PRESIDENT Bryan Collier Texas PRESIDENT-ELECT Tyrone Oliver Georgia

TREASURER Anthony O. Vann North Carolina BOARD OF GOVERNORS REPRESENTATIVES Marina Cadreche Florida Latera Davis Georgia SECRETARY Robert L. Green Maryland

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CHAPTERS AND AFFILIATES

Alston Wilkes Society—American Catholic Correctional Ministries—American Correctional Health Services Association—American Institute of Architects—American Jail Association—American Probation and Parole Association—Arizona Probation, Parole and Corrections Association— Association of Correctional Food Service Affiliates—Association of Paroling Authorities International—Association of State Correctional Administrators—Association of Programs for Female Offenders—Association of Women Executives in Corrections—Colorado Criminal Justice Association— Correctional Accreditation Managers Association— Correctional Association of Massachusetts— Correctional Education Association—Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators—District of Columbia Criminal Justice Association—Florida Council on Crime and Delinquency—Historical Association for Corrections—Illinois Correctional Association—Indiana Criminal Justice Association— International Association for Correctional and Forensic Psychology—International Association of Correctional Training Personnel—International Correctional Arts Network—International Corrections and Prisons Association—Iowa Corrections Association—Jamaica Federation of Corrections— Juvenile Justice Trainers Association—Kansas Correctional Association—Louisiana Correctional

Association—Maryland Criminal Justice Association— Michigan Corrections Association—Middle Atlantic States Correctional Association—Missouri Corrections Association—National Association of Blacks in Criminal Justice—National Association of Probation Executives—National Association of Adult and Juvenile State Corrections Mental Health Directors—National Correctional Industries Association Inc.—National Council on Crime and Delinquency—National Council of Juvenile Correctional Administrators— National Juvenile Detention Association—National Organization of Hispanics in Criminal Justice— Nebraska Correctional Association—New Jersey Chapter Association—New Mexico Criminal Justice Association—New York Corrections and Youth Services Association—North American Association of Wardens and Superintendents—North Carolina Correctional Association—Ohio Correctional and Court Services Association—Oklahoma Correctional Association— Parole and Probation Compact Administrators Association—Prison Fellowship—Salvation Army—South Carolina Correctional Association—Southern States Correctional Association—Texas Criminal Justice Association—Virginia Correctional Association— Volunteers of America Inc.—Washington Correctional Association—Wisconsin Correctional Association— Wyoming Correctional Association

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Corrections Today | Summer 2025

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News&Views

NEWS FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

From Rob’s Desk Join us for the 155 th Congress of Correction in Denver!

I am excited to invite you to the American Correctional As sociation’s 155 th Congress of Correction, taking place in the vi brant city of Denver, Colorado, from August 21-26, 2025. This year’s Congress promises to be an enriching experience, bringing together corrections professionals, policymakers and thought lead ers from across the nation to share insights, innovations and exemplary practices in our field. As we navigate the complexities of the correctional environment, opportunities for professional growth and collabora tion are essential. The Congress of Correction serves as a platform for us to come together, learn from one another and address the challenges we face. From insightful workshops to engaging keynote presentations, each session is designed to enhance your knowledge and equip you with the tools you need. This year, we have curated a dynamic agenda featuring renowned speakers who are experts in criminal justice, mental health, restorative justice, tactical operations and more. Attendees will have the chance to participate in discussions on the

current trends, innovative practices and research that is shaping the future of corrections. Addition ally, our interactive workshops will provide hands-on learning experi ences focused on practical skills and strategies that can be implemented immediately. One of the highlights of the Con gress is the opportunity to network with fellow correctional leaders. Connecting with peers from diverse backgrounds allows us to share experiences, forge partnerships and cultivate a sense of community that is vital in our work. Whether you’re a seasoned professional or new to the field, the relationships you build during this event will be invaluable throughout your career. “The Power of Presence”; all of us gathering with a focus on corrections is truly transformational. This year’s first of its kind “World Faith in Correc tions Conference” which is included in the 155 th Congress will provide direct engagement to the services, volunteers and programs that are transforming corrections. Denver offers a unique back drop for our Congress. Known for its stunning landscapes and rich

cultural heritage, the city provides a perfect setting for both professional and personal exploration. Take advantage of your time here to not only engage in meaningful discus sions but also to experience the local attractions and enjoy the vibrant ambiance Denver has to offer. I encourage each of you to join us in Denver. Your participation is not only an investment in your own professional development but also supports the broader mission of the American Correctional Association to promote excellence in corrections. Registration for the 155 th Congress of Correction is now open! Visit our website to secure your spot, explore the agenda and learn about sponsor ship opportunities. Don’t miss this chance to be part of an inspiring event that can transform the way we think about and approach our important work in corrections. CT

Sincerely,

Robert L. Green ACA Executive Director

Summer 2025 | Corrections Today

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News&Views

IN MEMORIAM

T he American Correctional Association (ACA), together with the Correctional Peace Officers Foundation (CPOF), extends its deepest sympathy and heartfelt condolences to the families, friends, and colleagues of fallen correctional officers. These brave men and women, whose End of Watch marked a profound loss to our community, served with unwavering dedication and courage, often under difficult and dangerous conditions. Their sacrifice will never be forgotten as we honor their memory and stand united, remembering the ultimate price they paid in the line of duty. CT

Corey Proulx Youth Counselor EOW: 6/25/2024 Wisconsin Department of Corrections, WI

Davis Martinez Parole & Probation Agent EOW: 5/31/2024 Maryland Department of Public Safety and Correctional Service, MD

William Alden Elliott Task Force Officer EOW: 4/29/2024 Apprehension Unit, North Carolina Department of Adult Correction, NC

Charles Rivette Deputy Sheriff EOW: 2/21/2024 Montgomery County Sheriff’s Office, TX

Rodney Osborne Lieutenant EOW: 4/9/2024 Ohio Department of Rehabilitation & Correction, OH

The list of fallen correctional staff is curated, maintained by, and is the property of the Correctional Peace Officers Foundation. It is printed with the written consent of CPOF. The titles in this list depict the title of the correctional staff member at their time of death. Please send any corrections to mail@cpof.org.

A RAVE REVIEW OF CORRECTIONS TODAY : Outstanding feedback on the Spring 2025 issue of our magazine!

After reading the Spring 2025 issue of Corrections Today , E. R. Cass award winner Dennis Avery “has to say it’s one of the best editions of our magazine in a long time. The timely articles were all very well written, and the layout is terrific. Please pass along my appreciation to all the staff at ACA headquarters who do such an outstanding job of keeping our organization at the forefront of the corrections community.”

We’d love your feedback on

Corrections Today to help us improve and serve you better! SEND US YOUR FEEDBACK AT PUBLICATIONS@ACA.ORG

— Dennis Avery

Thank you, Mr. Avery. We hope every ACA member will find Corrections Today a vital part of their professional life!

Corrections Today | Summer 2025

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News&Views

CORRECTIONAL CHAPLAIN PERSPECTIVES

How a community can adopt a local state prison By Hans Hallundbaek F or many, the idea of a commu nity adopting its prison may at first sound contradictory.

However, we routinely embrace ideas of adopting neglected children, un wanted dogs and cats, town parks and state highways, so why not a prison? When community members are given an opportunity to tour a prison, it inevitably leads to wakeup calls for the visitors to see opportunities, e.g., the teacher sees chances for learning, the therapist for healing, the artist for creativity, the accountant for cost savings, the minister for spiritual growth, while the pragmatist may see the opportu nity for a meaningful job, awarded in the end with a pension. Inspired to find ways to improve prisons and build community, Interfaith Prison Partnership (IPP), a local non-profit organization in Westchester County, New York, ap proached the Town of Bedford with a proposal for the community to adopt its two prisons, Bedford Hills, and Taconic NYS Prisons, with a combined population of about 850 women. When the town supervisor accepted the idea, meetings were arranged with the superintendents

Photo courtesy Angela James Photography

Daniel F. Martuscello III, Commissioner of the Department of Corrections and Community Supervisions (DOCCS), together with Sharon Griest Ballen, Chair of the Prison Relations Advisory Committee (PRAC) to the Town of Bedford.

of the two prisons. After a couple of rounds of conversations, the propos al was approved by New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision (DOCCS), and the Town Board established a vehicle, the Prison Relations Adviso ry Committee (PRAC), to organize and implement this first in the coun try Adopt-A-Prison program (AAP) in a maximum-security facility.

Sharon Griest Ballen was appointed as chair of PRAC, based upon years of experience as IPP program director, in addition to a solid MSW and years of social engagement and criminal justice involvement.

Building consensus

The first concern for PRAC was to ensure all stakeholders for

Corrections Today | Summer 2025

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CORRECTIONAL CHAPLAIN PERSPECTIVES

the project were represented. That was accomplished by appointing 17 volunteer members from the local Bedford community representing legal, social, education, faith, busi ness, mediation, health, security and rehabilitation concerns and included formerly incarcerated people and prison administrators. The current DOCCS Commissioner, Daniel Martuscello III, gives AAP his full attention by attending its bi-month ly meetings. To reinforce the concept of a community initiative, in the fall of 2019, a town hall gathering took place. Almost 100 local participants attended and various nonprofit organizations active in the two prisons had presentation tables. The Adopt-A-Prison program was off to an auspicious start. Adopt-A-Prison is a bold humane initiative that signals to those behind the wall they have not been forgotten, and their future has hope. That fall, few could foresee the oncoming COVID-19 pandemic, forcing the two prisons to close to visitors in early 2020. This set back only accentuated the need for support from the outside, and the PRAC organization sprang into overdrive, organizing with the help of IPP and other PRAC organiza tions donations of hand and face

Photo courtesy Angela James Photography

Daniel F. Martuscello III, Commissioner of the Department of Corrections and Community Supervision (DOCCS) addressing a 2024 Adopt-A-Prison Town Hall Meeting.

soap, facemasks, disinfectants and cooking plates for the prisoners to prepare meals in their units. During the disastrous pandemic, the AAP community engagement concept “proved it’s mettle” cementing the relationship between the two pris ons and the outside community. It provided a springboard for expand ing the cooperation with new IPP initiatives with its new Director, Jen Mancuso, like: Enhancing Life Skills Programs, Wellbeing Workshops, Thanksgiving Dinner Celebration, Holiday Care Pack ages, Reentry Services and Release Bags. For the increasingly hot sum mers where there is no a/c in the prison units, PRAC partnered with New Hour and Woman2Woman to mobilize the community to install 800 personal fans throughout the facilities. With the help of local congressman Sean Patrick Maloney, $675K in funding was approved from the Federal Infrastructure Bill for installation of a much-needed sidewalk on the high-traffic road

leading to the prisons. To increase attention to the prison cause, IPP organized several public relations meetings at the NYC UN Head quarters to highlight respect for the Universal Declaration of Human Rights for those incarcerated. Visible benefits The AAP community outreach does not forget the close to 100 women and children buried in the Taconic Cemetery. They are com memorated annually in an All-Soul’s Day Ceremony conducted by Prison Chaplain, Deacon Clifford Calanni and attended by an increasing num ber of faith and community leaders. When analyzing the progress accomplished by opening the prison gate to the surrounding community, the view of an innovative approach to incarceration is emerging, based more on collaboration and com munity engagement than isolation and punishment. One of several benefits of this approach is the win/

Summer 2025 | Corrections Today

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News&Views

Photos courtesy Angela James Photography

The AAP program annually invites local faith and community leaders to an All-Soul’s Day commemoration service for the close to one hundred women and children in this prison cemetery.

win it provides for both the prison and those incarcerated, and for the surrounding community and its involved members. It also ben efits society in general by lowering recidivism rates and reducing incar ceration cost. As a wise friend put it: “While it takes a community to save a prison, it takes a prison to save a community.” This sentiment was clear in a recent town hall meeting featuring the NYS DOCCS Com missioner as keynote speaker, and where the Bedford Town Supervisor, Ellen Calves proudly announced: “the Town of Bedford is now an Adopt-A-Prison Town.” Global impact Since imprisonment is a global phenomenon and innovative ideas today travel fast, it is not surpris ing the AAP idea has already been embraced abroad. Today there are different iterations of AAP pilot programs in six Afri can countries, Ethiopia, Kenya,

Rwanda, DR Congo, Malawi and Zimbabwe, as well as two programs in Pakistan. More information about the program can be found at this Facebook link for Adopt A-Prison International (AAPI): https://www.facebook.com/profile. php?id=61571148943318 including published articles about the AAP programs in overseas locations. Robert McCrie, PhD, professor at New York’s John Jay College of Criminal Justice, who has consider able international prison experience, says this about the AAP concept, “Prisons anywhere are among so ciety’s bleakest institutions. Many incarcerated people never receive visitors and experience severely diminished contacts from their past associations. It is no wonder that recidivism is so high. Adopt-A-Pris on is a bold humane initiative that signals to those behind the wall they have not been forgotten, and their future has hope.” While much improvement has been accomplished through the

implementation of the AAP at Taconic and Bedford Hills Cor rectional Facilities, this is only the beginning. The goal should be that love-based community out reach programs of this nature be introduced wherever people are imprisoned in this country and abroad, and while the command to “love your neighbor as yourself” is often seen as a moral or religious principle, modern science confirms that practicing kindness, empathy and social connection has tangible health benefits. CT

Hans Hallundbaek, M-Div., D-Min., New York Theological Seminary, MA, Maryknoll School of Theology has served as adjunct professor at John Jay College of Criminal Justice and 25 years

as volunteer teacher and service chaplain at NY state prisons including Sing Sing. He is a UN consultant to the International Prison Chaplains Association (IPCA) and CURE International. Email: hanshall@optonline.net

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Rethinking Suicide Prevention in Corrections “Suicide is a leading cause of death in jails and prisons.”

Suicide is a leading cause of death in jails and prisons. Often blamed on policy failures, system breakdowns, or inadequate assessments, they can result in costly and preventable litigation. To help you meet this complex challenge, our specialized experts in suicide prevention at ACA have developed a new and powerful tool for identifying the root causes of suicides in jails and prisons. ACA’s Correctional Root Cause Analysis (CRCA) for Suicide Prevention Programs in jails and prisons provides a sustainable approach for assessing the underlying and systemic factors impacting suicide risk. Your CRCA will: Creating a Culture of Safety

360° Analysis

Leadership

Treatment

Operations

Frontline

• Identify the causes of suicides in prisons and jails and determine which factors are root cause factors; • Examine the underlying reasons for suicides by using both qualitative and quantitative assessment techniques; • Produce a concise SWOT analysis for sustainable outcomes; • Deliver a succinct executive-level report. Our team of highly qualified mental health and security experts will complete your CRCA quickly and efficiently. No names are recorded. Everything is confidential. Facilities using CRCA have given us very positive feedback. If you are looking for a reliable solution for a sustainable suicide prevention program in your facilities, please contact us for information about how you can have us deliver a Correctional Root Cause Analysis (CRCA) for your jail or prison’s suicide prevention program.

CONTACT FOR MORE INFORMATION: Director, Correctional Mental Health, Dr. Dean Aufderheide (703) 980-8564 Director, Office of Correctional Health, Terri Catlett (703) 224-0048

Reference: https://www.statista.com/chart/28290/suicide-rates-in-us-jails prisons-and-general-public/

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News&Views

VIEW FROM THE LINE

Hollywood shines spotlight on rehabilitation program By Leslie Lichter and Kate Stone Lombardi W ith the acclaimed movie “ Sing Sing ” garnering Oscar buzz this year,

Hollywood and the world of cor rections have come together in an unexpected way. Historically, movies set in prisons tend to be wildly inaccu rate — either slapstick comedies — think “ Stir Crazy ” with Richard Pryor — or violent dramas featuring stereotypical monsters behind bars and brutal corrections officers who mistreat them. The reality, as people who actu ally work in corrections know, looks far different. The movie “ Sing Sing” stands out for its realistic portrayal of incarceration, and for very good reason. The movie is based on a real program, Rehabilitation Through the Arts (RTA), which has been operating in New York State prisons for almost 30 years. What’s more, almost all the actors in the film are men who par ticipated in RTA when they were incarcerated. These RTA alumni not only acted in the movie, but also contributed input to the script and each scene.

Photo courtesy Rehabilitation Through the Arts

After the final performance of a play, a photo of the members who worked together to bring it to fruition.

“The most profound scenes of the movie are simply these men speaking for themselves,” says Greg Kwedar, who with Clint Bentley, made the movie. Producer Monique Walton adds, “To me it was a no brainer. We’re trying to capture the specificity of this experience and to bring the alumni on the big screen felt surprising and necessary.” RTA began as a theater program and produced its first play at (the actual) Sing Sing Correctional

Facility in 1996. Today RTA is op erating in 10 correctional facilities in New York State and has served more than 1,000 participants. Professional teaching artists lead year-round workshops in theater, dance, music, writing, and visual arts. A new RTA venture, Reimag ing Myself ® , helps prepare people for release. Despite the movie’s success, RTA’s goal is not to train profession al actors, writers or other creative

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VIEW FROM THE LINE

artists. Rather, the program uses the arts to teach men and women be hind bars critical life skills that will help them both while they are incar cerated and when they are released back into their communities. The key is in the organization’s name: Rehabilitation Through the Arts. As Brian Fischer, Former Commissioner of NYS Dept. of Corrections and Community Super vision, told the audience just before an RTA production, “What you will see here tonight is entertainment, but what I see is rehabilitation.” New York’s current commissioner also supports RTA. “I am a staunch advocate for our Department’s mis sion to rehabilitate individuals in our custody and offer them the tools to prepare for a successful reentry to the community ” says DOCCS Commissioner Daniel F. Martuscello III. “RTA plays a vital role in shift ing mindsets and behaviors, and I am proud of our collaborative efforts and confident that this ongoing part nership will continue to enhance public safety through the arts.” Rehabilitation by the numbers RTA is not a “feel good” activ ity but a rehabilitation program that works. The hard proof is in the numbers. Nationwide, the recidi vism rate is over 60%. Fewer than 3% of RTA alumni return to prison. While that alone is a staggering figure, research shows that the pro gram benefits participants who are still inside. A study conducted by the Center of Juvenile and Criminal Justice points to the benefits of arts in cor rections. The research, published

in Justice Policy Journal, found that 45% of participants in prison arts programs reported getting along better with corrections staff since being in a program. The report also revealed that participants had 33% fewer disciplinary reports than the general population, and 63% said they now got along better with other incarcerated individuals. The longer a person had been in an arts pro gram, the fewer infractions they had. “RTA plays a vital role in shifting mindsets and behaviors, and I am proud of our collaborative efforts and confident that this ongoing partnership will continue to enhance public safety through the arts.” — Daniel F. Martuscello III, DOCCS Commissioner RTA is a stellar model of an arts in-corrections model with a proven track record. In an environment where it’s difficult for incarcerated individuals to trust one another, RTA builds a community that strengthens the culture inside facilities. Members also serve as role models. “I saw Dino Johnson doing ‘One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest’” says Clarence Maclin, an RTA alumnus who co-stars in “ Sing Sing .” “I was

in the audience, and you know, to see the brothers that I normally see spinning in the yard or in the gym or in the mess hall up there on stage, creating art and getting the respons es back from the audience, I wanted to be part of that. RTA gave me back the gift of artistry, to be able to cre ate and express myself.” RTA members are also more likely to pursue higher education while incarcerated than their peers outside the program, according to a report written by SUNY Purchase and the New York State Department of Corrections and Community Supervision and published in the Journal of Correction Education . Dario Penã, a program alumnus, noted that “RTA introduced me to all the other programs that were going on in prison. I ended up earn ing a bachelor’s degree from Mercy University and then a master’s in professional studies from the New York Theological Seminary.” The benefits of RTA’s arts work shops also extend to participants’ families, helping to break the generational cycle of incarceration. Greater emotional self-awareness and improved communication skills strengthen the quality of relationships. In some facilities, family members may attend perfor mances, further reenforcing ties. Stronger bonds not only improve behavior on the inside, but also help with reentry. Finally, RTA can help everyday Americans save money. The US spends more than $80 billion a year on re-incarceration. RTA’s proven and dramatic impact on recidivism saves taxpayers millions of dollars each year. →

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News&Views

Teaching skills that foster lasting change

“RTA is where I really learned to be a human being,” says Penã. “It really served every aspect of my personal growth.” Arts programming can change an individual’s mind set, teaching skills like communication, collaboration, problem-solving, goal setting and discipline. Workshops also foster empathy, confidence and build self-esteem. For instance, in a theater production, participants learn responsibility, teamwork and disci pline. If you didn’t learn your lines or failed to show up to work on the set, or even if you simply have a bad attitude, you’re letting others down. And you’re not disappointing cor rectional authorities, but your own community. RTA is not a drop-in activity, but a commitment to peers. “Some guys just had that rough edge, and it took prodding and poking to break them out of their comfort zones and put them in uncomfortable situations where they had to deal with everyone around them or take on responsibilities within a production,” Penã explained. “These things brought out potential that they never believed they had, and that’s how changes come about.” Each creative medium offers different skill sets. Dance teaches physical control, focus and non verbal communication. Writing workshops in poetry, creative writing, memoir, monologues and speeches not only help improve writing and overall communication skills, but also offer opportunities for self-reflection — the first step

Photo courtesy Rehabilitation Through the Arts

Every workshop gives participants the chance to learn how to cope with emotional and social challenges in constructive and productive ways.

RTA is open to all You might assume that the low recidivism rate and other metrics of RTA’s success simply reflects a program that only accepts the “best of the best,” incarcerated men and women who already have good behavior and whose crimes were non-violent. But that’s not accurate. The only requirement for entry into the program is that the men and women who apply are moti vated to change in a positive way. (Many facilities do have a waiting list, however.) No diploma or GED is required, nor is a clean disciplin ary record. A person’s crime is irrelevant. That said, RTA does have a screening process, and it all takes place on the inside. The program has a steering committee within each facility, consisting of respect ed incarcerated members of the RTA community, and chosen by the membership. By signing up for RTA, the incarcerated indi vidual commits to respect the community inside the facilities, the RTA staff who come to lead

towards change. Music workshops improve listening skills and vi sual art can strengthen focus and concentration. Every workshop gives partici pants the chance to learn how to cope with emotional and social challenges in constructive and productive ways. Additionally, they provide safe, healthy outlets for self-expression. RTA’s newest program, Reimag ining Myself ® , launched in 2023, provides incarcerated men and women a toolkit for coming home and staying home. The curriculum was guided by formerly incarcer ated people to include what they wish they’d known before release. Workshops encourage participants to look at their own strengths and potential, as well as their individual triggers and potential pitfalls. Everything from learning how to ask for help to finding a place in a family that has learned to live without you is addressed. Reimag ing Myself ® is operating in four New York correctional facilities, and a pilot program has been launched in California.

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VIEW FROM THE LINE

Looking forward RTA hopes to continue to expand its transformative arts program to other states, working with cor rections officials to provide the program directly or in collaboration with local arts organizations. The movie “ Sing Sing” put a Hol lywood spotlight on RTA’s proven program. But long after the Acad emy Awards end and the red carpet is rolled up, RTA’s work will go on as it always has — off the screen and behind bars. That may be less glam orous, but because of its impact, it’s just as dramatic. “RTA is beyond therapeutic; it’s life changing,” says Sean Dino Johnson, an RTA alumnus, board member and cast member in “ Sing Sing .” “For over two decades, incarcerated men and women have been transformed through RTA. We all knew about the humanity and greatness stagnating behind the wall, but it was important to let the world know. The “ Sing Sing” movie shines a light on the resilience of the human spirit and the possibility for change, without the stereotypes that often define prison life.” CT

Any materials that come into facilities, ranging from stage props to publications are approved by Correc tions officials. RTA alumni serve as its ambassadors Currently, RTA pro gramming takes place only inside correctional facilities. But once someone has been released, his or her rela tionship with RTA is not

the programs and the corrections staff who enable the program to happen. Teaching artists who come into facilities are also screened and trained. Not only do they go through training and security clearance with the Department of Corrections, but also additional instruction with RTA staff. Rules are strictly en forced. Syllabi must be approved in advance. All teachers are committed to maintaining personal boundar ies and sticking to the approved curriculum. Photo courtesy Rehabilitation Through the Arts Photo courtesy Rehabilitation Through the Arts Teaching artists who come into facilities are screened and trained.

over. An annual homecoming event celebrates alumni who have recently come home. Those who have been out longer provide community, con nection and support. Additionally, RTA alumni spread the positive behaviors they have learned into their communi ties. Many pursue careers in social services, working with at-risk youth, carceral reform and the arts, furthering the role of arts in social justice and rehabilitation work. Several alumni have also joined RTA’s Board.

Leslie Lichter is the interim Executive Director of Rehabilitation Through The Arts. She can be reached at info@rta-arts.org.

Kate Stone Lombardi is a teaching artist with the program.

An annual alumni homecoming event celebrates alumni who have recently come home.

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News&Views

WASHINGTON WATCH

ACA Legislative update By BBM Staff

Major public safety associations participate in congressional briefing on drone threats O n March 4, 2025, the jor County Sheriffs of America (MCSA), and the Association of State Criminal Investigative Agen cies (ASCIA) participated in a Congressional briefing to discuss the growing threat posed by the malicious use of drones. Drones are being used to deliver narcotics, weapons, cell phones, and other illegal contraband into prisons, as well as violating sen sitive airspace. These incidents not only pose a direct risk to the safety and security of correctional facilities but also raise significant concerns about the ability of state and local governments to combat the growing use of drones in crimi nal activities. The panelists also shared in sights from law enforcement investigations that have uncovered links between organized drone op erators and dangerous drug cartels, illustrating how criminal enterprises American Correctional Association (ACA), Ma

Adobe Stock/larryhw

Social Security Fairness Act implementation Over 3 million American pub lic servants hurt by the Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) and the Government Pension Offset (GPO) immediately begin receiving

are leveraging this technology for illicit purposes. The discussion highlighted the importance of enhanced collabora tion between public safety agencies at all levels and stronger federal legislation to tackle the growing drone threat.

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WASHINGTON WATCH

Social Security benefit increases and retroactive payments. This follows the passage of the Social Security Fairness Act, which fully repeals two Social Security provisions, WEP and GPO, and was signed into law on January 5, 2024. The Social Security Adminis tration (SSA) began depositing retroactive payments into bank accounts on Tuesday, February 25, 2025, and completed nearly all retroactive payments by the end of March. Adjustments to ongoing monthly benefits began in April. WEP was enacted in 1983 and re duced the Social Security benefits of workers who received pensions from a federal, state, or local government for employment not covered by Social Security. GPO was enacted in 1977 and reduced Social Security spousal benefits for spouses, wid ows, and widowers whose spouses receive pensions from a federal, state, or local government. Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa) and Sen. Catherine Cortez Masto (D-Nev.) reintroduced the Combat ting Illicit Xylazine Act (S. 545), which would: – Classify xylazine as a Schedule III drug under the Controlled Substances Act; – Enable the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to track xylazine’s manufacturing; – Require a report on prevalence, risks and Combatting illicit Xylazine Act reintroduced in House and Senate

Over 3 million American public servants hurt by the Windfall Elimination Provision (WEP) and the Government Pension Offset (GPO) immediately begin receiving Social Security benefit increases and retroactive payments.

recommendations to best regulate xylazine; and – Ensure veterinarians, farm ers and ranchers can still use xylazine for its intended purpose — to treat large animals — by clearly defining “ultimate user” as someone lawfully permitted to possess a controlled substance for legitimate use. Reps. Jimmy Panetta (D-Calif.) and August Pfluger (R-Texas) are leading companion legislation in the House of Representatives (H.R. 1839). Attorney General Pam Bondi, on her first day in office advocated for the scheduling of xylazine in an internal Department of Justice memo. Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act passes House, awaits Senate action The House passed the Agent Raul Gonzalez Officer Safety Act (H.R. 5585) by a 271-154 count on January 30 th . Drivers who intentionally flee from U.S. Border Patrol and other law enforcement officers operating

within 100 miles of the U.S. border would be subject to new criminal penalties under the bill. It also would create new immi gration restrictions for noncitizens who are convicted of, or admit to, using motor vehicles to attempt to evade Border Patrol agents. The measure is named after Raul Gonzalez, a U.S. Border Patrol agent who was killed in the line of duty in December 2022 during a high-speed ATV chase pursuing migrants at the southern border near McAllen, Texas. Individuals operating a motor ve hicle while fleeing from U.S. Border Patrol — or other law enforcement officers assisting with border control operations — within 100 miles of the border would be subject to up to two years in prison, criminal fines, or both. If the motor vehicle chase results in serious bodily injury, the offender could be sentenced to between five and 20 years in prison. A chase that results in death would require a 10-year minimum sentence and could result in life imprisonment. A companion bill (S. 512) was introduced in February by Texas Senator Ted Cruz and 9 co-sponsors. CT

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WELLNESS

A lifeline behind bars How Virginia prisons are saving lives through substance use disorder treatment

BY ALLEN STEWART M.A., M.S.W.

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S ubstance use disorder (SUD) is highly United States’ prison population has an active SUD. In the Virginia Department of Corrections (VADOC), similar rates of substance use disorder have been found among the inmate population. As of 2024, approximately 66.7% of inmates score probable or highly probable on the substance abuse scale of the Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS). This is not just a statistic within Virginia’s correctional facilities; it’s a crisis affecting the lives of thousands of incarcerated individuals and their families, every day. For this reason, the entire continuum of care from outpatient programing to mandatory residential treatment programs are available in Virginia correctional centers. These comprehensive treatment programs play a critical role in breaking the cycle of addiction and supporting rehabilitation. The first step: Understanding addiction as a disease NIDA defines addiction as a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking, continued use despite harmful consequences and long-lasting changes in the brain. It is considered both a complex brain disorder and a mental illness. Addictive behaviors seen in this light are symptoms not defiant actions. The good news is that while ad diction is prevalent in correctional settings, recovery is possible. SAMHSA defines recovery as a process of change through which individuals improve their health and wellness, live self-directed lives and strive to reach their full potential. There are many approaches to recovery from substance use. Keep ing this in mind, the VADOC has many pathways to support recovery. This journey requires patience as the path to sobriety is not always a straight line. prevalent in correctional institutions across the United States. The National Institute on Drug Abuse estimates that 65% of the

The Recovery Journey

Others’ Expectations

Lived Experience

Peer Recovery Specialists: Guiding the way with lived experience At the center of VADOC’s approach to wellness are Peer Recovery Specialists (PRS); individuals with lived experience who serve as mentors, guides and beacons of hope for those on the path to recov ery. Since 2022, the VADOC trained 94 inmates in 11 different correctional centers to specifically offer SUD peer recovery services. Through State Opioid Response Grant funding, the VADOC has been able to roll out these PRS trainings in Virginia prisons. The Department has also developed a process to offer supervision hours to inmate PRSs to facilitate certification. PRS training is offered to inmates who are infraction free, are positive role models and are serving longer sentences. Inmates who complete the 72-hour Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services (DBHDS) PRS train ing must agree to support an SUD program for at least 12 months. This initiative allows for inmates to find meaningful employment opportunities during incarceration, while supporting the development of ground level recovery capital. PRS positions are allocated to support inmates both within the general population, and within the VADOC’s residential treatment programs.

Opposite page: Background: Adobe Stock/melita; Drug & alcohol graphics: Adobe Stock/bearsky23; ECG: Adobe Stock/Icons-Studio; Life preserver: Adobe Stock/thienhuong

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