Corrections_Today_January_February_2024_Vol.86_No.1

■ LEGAL ISSUES

REFERENCES (2000, February 12). ‘Dr. Zorro’ Sentenced to Probation . CBS News. Retrieved September 10, 2023, from https://www.cbsnews.com/news/dr-zorro-sentenced to-probation/ 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (Civil Rights Act of 1871) American Correctional Association. (2021). Performance-based standards and expected practices for adult correctional institutions (5th ed.). American Correctional Association, Department of Performance-Based Standards and Accreditation. Baugh v. Woodard, 808 F.2d 333. (4th Cir. 1987). https://law.justia.com/cases/ federal/appellate-courts/F2/808/333/174479/ Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents, 403 U.S. 388 (1971). https://supreme. justia.com/cases/federal/us/403/388/ Bowring v. Godwin, 551 F2d 44. (4th Cir. 1977). https://law.justia.com/cases/ federal/appellate-courts/F2/551/44/44129/ Estelle v. Gamble, 429 U.S. 97. (1976). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/ federal/us/429/97/ Ex Parte Hull, 312 U.S. 546 (1941). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/ us/312/546/ Farmer v. Brennan, 511 U.S. 825 (1994). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/ federal/us/511/825/ Gittler, G. J., & Goldstein, E. J. (1996). The elements of medical malpractice: an overview. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America , 23 (5), 1152–1155. https://doi. org/10.1093/clinids/23.5.1152 42 U.S.C. § 1997e (Prison Litigation Reform Act of 1995) Rhodes v. Chapman, 452 U.S. 337 (1981). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/ federal/us/452/337/ Ruiz v. Estelle, 503 F. Supp. 1265. (S.D. Tex. 1980). https://law.justia.com/ cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/503/1265/1466998/ Whitley v. Albers, 475 U.S. 312 (1986). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/ federal/us/475/312/ Wilson v. Seiter, 501 U.S. 294 (1991). https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/ us/501/294/ Wong, E. (2000, January 22). Doctor Carved His Initials Into Patient, Lawsuit Says. New York Times , Section B , pg 3. https://www.uscourts.gov/sites/default/files/u.s._federal_courts_circuit_ map_1.pdf

Dr. Lander has spent almost 20 years in corrections and is an independent part-time contractor for mental health services for the American Correctional Association.

Dr. Lewis Peiper is a co-author on this article.

42 — January/February 2024 Corrections Today